1. Sumatran Rhino
The Sumatran rhino is a critically endangered species of rhinoceros that inhabits the forests of Sumatra in Indonesia. Its distinctive horn, made of keratin, serves as its primary defense mechanism against predators and rival males. With only 80 individuals remaining in the wild, this subspecies is considered one of the rarest animals on Earth. The last known Sumatran rhino was born in 2017, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts.
2. Amur Leopard
Native to the Russian Far East and northeast China, the Amur leopard is a majestic and elusive big cat that roams the forests and mountain ranges of its native habitat. Its distinctive coat patterns serve as a warning to potential predators, while its tail plays a crucial role in balance and agility. As few as 70 individuals remain, making it one of the rarest felines on Earth. The Amur leopard's critically endangered status has led to efforts from conservationists to protect its habitat.
3. Vaquita
Found only in the Gulf of California, Mexico, the vaquita is the smallest porpoise species in the world and a highly threatened marine mammal. Its distinctive black-and-white markings serve as camouflage in the murky waters it inhabits. With fewer than 20 individuals remaining in the wild, this critically endangered species faces extinction due to habitat loss, pollution, and entanglement in fishing nets. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the vaquita's critical habitats.
4. Javan Rhino
The Javan rhinoceros is an endangered species native to Ujung Kulon National Park in Indonesia, with estimates suggesting fewer than 60 individuals remain. Its thick coat, which features distinctive horn-like protrusions on its head and body, serves as protection against harsh weather conditions and predators. The last confirmed sighting of a Javan rhino was in 2003, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to preserve this critically endangered species.
5. Northern White Rhino
The northern white rhinoceros is one of the most endangered species on Earth, with only two individuals remaining. These individuals, both female and both named Najin and Fatu, are kept in a special breeding program at Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya. Their existence raises hope for the potential revival of this subspecies through IVF technology using frozen eggs from deceased females, providing an opportunity for their DNA to be passed on to future generations.